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当你在linux环境下setup软件的时候就会有相应的对话框让你输入。虽然我们已经习惯了这种交互的方法，但是如果有一种直观的界面来输入是不是会更加友好和方便呢，在shell脚本中你可以使用-whiptail指令来完成。
消息框
语法：
| 1 | whiptail - - title "<message box title>" - - msgbox "<text to show>" <height> <width> |
实例：
| 1 | whiptail - - title "Message box title" - - msgbox " Choose Ok to continue." 10 60 |
yes/no对话框
语法：
| 1 | whiptail - - title "<dialog box title>" - - yesno "<text to show>" <height> <width> |
实例：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 | #!/bin/bash if (whiptail - - title "Yes/No Box" - - yesno "Choose between Yes and No." 10 60 ) then echo "You chose Yes. Exit status was $?." else echo "You chose No. Exit status was $?." fi |
或者也可以是自定义的选项，实例如下：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 | #!/bin/bash if (whiptail - - title "Yes/No Box" - - yes - button "Man" - - no - button "Woman" - - yesno "What is your gender?" 10 60 ) then echo "You chose Man Exit status was $?." else echo "You chose Woman. Exit status was $?." fi |
当选择左边选项的时候输出的是0，选择右边选项的时候输出的是1。
表单输入框
语法：
| 1 | whiptail - - title "<input box title>" - - inputbox "<text to show>" <height> <width> <default - text> |
实例：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | #!/bin/bash NAME = $(whiptail - - title "Free-form Input Box" - - inputbox "What is your pet's name?" 10 60 Peter 3 >& 1 1 >& 2 2 >& 3 ) exitstatus = $? if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then echo "Your name is:" $NAME else echo "You chose Cancel." fi |
密码输入框
语法：
| 1 | whiptail - - title "<password box title>" - - passwordbox "<text to show>" <height> <width> |
实例：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | #!/bin/bash PASSWORD = $(whiptail - - title "Password Box" - - passwordbox "Enter your password and choose Ok to continue." 10 60 3 >& 1 1 >& 2 2 >& 3 ) exitstatus = $? if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then echo "Your password is:" $PASSWORD else echo "You chose Cancel." fi |
菜单栏
提供一个单项选择的菜单栏
语法：
| 1 | whiptail - - title "<menu title>" - - menu "<text to show>" <height> <width> <menu height> [ <tag> <item> ] . . . |
实例：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | #!/bin/bash OPTION = $(whiptail - - title "Menu Dialog" - - menu "Choose your favorite programming language." 15 60 4 \ "1" "Python" \ "2" "Java" \ "3" "C" \ "4" "PHP" 3 >& 1 1 >& 2 2 >& 3 ) exitstatus = $? if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then echo "Your favorite programming language is:" $OPTION else echo "You chose Cancel." fi |
此处的选择输出的内容为你选择的标签的‘tag’位置，上面实例中的‘1’、‘2’、‘3’、‘4’
radiolist对话框
该对话框是单选对话框，你可以控制默认的选择位置，即使你在脚本中默认选择多个，他也只会输出一个结果
语法：
| 1 | whiptail - - title "<radiolist title>" - - radiolist "<text to show>" <height> <width> < list height> [ <tag> <item> <status> ] . . . |
实例：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | #!/bin/bash DISTROS = $(whiptail - - title "Test Checklist Dialog" - - radiolist \ "What is the Linux distro of your choice?" 15 60 4 \ "debian" "Venerable Debian" ON \ "ubuntu" "Popular Ubuntu" OFF \ "centos" "Stable CentOS" OFF \ "mint" "Rising Star Mint" OFF 3 >& 1 1 >& 2 2 >& 3 ) exitstatus = $? if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then echo "The chosen distro is:" $DISTROS else echo "You chose Cancel." fi |
多选对话框
语法：
| 1 | whiptail - - title "<checklist title>" - - checklist "<text to show>" <height> <width> < list height> [ <tag> <item> <status> ] . . . |
实例：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | #!/bin/bash DISTROS = $(whiptail - - title "Checklist Dialog" - - checklist \ "Choose preferred Linux distros" 15 60 4 \ "debian" "Venerable Debian" ON \ "ubuntu" "Popular Ubuntu" OFF \ "centos" "Stable CentOS" ON \ "mint" "Rising Star Mint" OFF 3 >& 1 1 >& 2 2 >& 3 ) exitstatus = $? if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; then echo "Your favorite distros are:" $DISTROS else echo "You chose Cancel." fi |
进度条
语法：
| 1 | whiptail - - gauge "<test to show>" <height> <width> <inital percent> |
实例：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | #!/bin/bash { for ((i = 0 ; i < = 100 ; i + = 20 )); do sleep 1 echo $i done } | whiptail - - gauge "Please wait while installing" 6 60 0 |